The number of pet cats who go missing is difficult to estimate, as is the number of cats who, tragically, are never found. Sometimes cats stay lost even though their families do everything they can think of to find them. But many times, people don’t have the slightest idea how or where to even begin looking.

Kat Albrecht, an investigative pet detective, is determined to change that. After all, finding a lost cat is about more than standing outside your front door and yelling, “Here, kitty, kitty.”

Kat (a former police bloodhound handler, crime scene investigator and search-and-rescue manager) runs Missing Animal Response Network, which offers courses on basic pet recovery strategies. The courses are based on proper search techniques as well as knowing where to search for lost pets. The latter varies depending on the species. “The behavior of dogs and cats influences the distances they travel,” Kat says. “Dogs run, sometimes great distances, while cats will hide. They not only hide, they do so in silence and typically stay close to home.”

Sometimes, they are still inside the house. A near-tragic example is the case of Bess, a two-year-old cat who disappeared one night from her family’s home. Bess remained missing until a few weeks later — when the family suddenly heard a faint “meow” coming from, of all things, a hinged window seat in the living room.

“Bess is a perfect example of why you should comb every inch of your house thoroughly,” Kat says. “Check areas where you think the cat couldn’t possibly be, like inside cupboards, under mattresses and behind dressers. Check, then check again, because cats may change their hiding spots over time.”

Even cats lost outside are consistently found hiding under the porch on their own property or hidden somewhere close by, within just three to five houses of their escape point, Kat says. Her claim about cats not straying far isn’t just anecdotal. Kat conducted a missing-cat study with Jacquie Rand, a University of Queensland emeritus professor. Using an online questionnaire, they gathered information about 1,210 lost cats to determine what search methods were successful and where cats were most often found.

True to Kat’s experiences, the cats were typically hiding under porches, cars or other objects near their homes. In fact, 75 percent of the cats were found within 500 meters (about a third of a mile) of their point of escape. Eighteen percent were hiding directly outside an entrance to their home. There was some difference in behavior between cats who live indoors and cats with regular access to the outdoors. Perhaps because they are more at ease outside, 75 percent of the latter traveled up to almost a mile from home.

A major finding of the study was the importance of an active physical search: 59 percent of cats were found alive because their people pounded the pavement and crawled under bushes looking for them. That’s critical, because Kat often meets people who rely solely on passive methods such as posting signs or asking their neighbors to keep an eye out, hoping someone will see their cat and call.

“One of the most common suggestions,” Kat says, “is to put personal items or a dirty litter box outside, under the premise that the smell will draw the cat back home.” Kat says. She doesn’t give that strategy much credence, saying that if the cat does come back on his own, it’s more likely that he overcame the fear of being displaced and returned home. What’s more, Kat says, the pheromones from a litter box can backfire by attracting territorial cats, who then keep the missing cat from returning home.

Kat has also seen the impact that assumptions can have on someone who has lost a pet. Too often, people call off the search prematurely, or don’t look at all, because they believe that their cat has already encountered a coyote or other wild animal. “Use every possible search method immediately when a cat is lost,” Kat says, “including conducting a thorough physical search, distributing flyers and putting out humane traps. Go over the same ground multiple times and at multiple times of day.” And don’t discount the human factor, because cats do get picked up and taken to the shelter. They can also assimilate into a nearby cat colony, so get to know the people in the neighborhood who feed outdoor cats in case they spot a new arrival.

In the missing-cat study (a report on which was published in the journal Animals), about 56 percent of the lost cats were found within two months, but there are plenty of anecdotal and documented cases of people being reunited with their felines months or years after they went astray. “Above all, don’t give up,” Kat concludes. “Your cat is out there somewhere, waiting to be reunited with the family she loves.”

The following active approaches will make you and Fluffy more likely to have that reunion you’re dreaming about. The action items on this list are meant to be repeated often.

For more tips on finding lost pets, go to Missing Animal Response Network.